Research notes from the firm.
A working journal from the practice — essays on decision engineering, AI for operations, commodity intelligence, and the discipline of running quantitative systems in production. Updated as the work demands.
A second energy shock in five years is compelling Europe to accelerate its transition away from fossil fuels. We estimate ~€3.5 trillion in electrification investment through 2035, with grid capex alone roughly doubling — and a sharp power-price divergence already widening between renewables-rich markets and gas-dependent ones.
Read the note →A scenario framework for sizing the assumptions — and risks — behind trillions in AI infrastructure capital. Four supply-side variables most determine the scale of the build-out, with sensitivity tables and a baseline running to ~$7.6 trillion through 2031.
Read the note →
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