Material Assets, Structural Scarcity. A proprietary equity-strategy framework introduced by Lualdi Advisors in 2026. MASS identifies businesses positioned to benefit durably from the asset-heavy rotation by measuring two dimensions simultaneously: Material Assets (substantial physical capital with high barriers to replication, financial, regulatory, temporal, or technical) and Structural Scarcity (assets whose economic relevance is not eroded by technological change, and may be enhanced by it). MASS cuts across conventional sector classification, luxury heritage brands and regulated utilities can both score in Tier-1 MASS via different mechanisms.
The operational implementation of the MASS framework. A composite percentile rank built from six financial metrics: Tangible Asset Intensity ((Assets − Cash − Intangibles) ÷ Revenue), Fixed Asset Intensity (PPE ÷ Revenue), Fixed Asset Proportion (PPE ÷ Total Assets), Capital-Labour Intensity (Tangible Assets ÷ Employees), Reinvestment Intensity (Capex ÷ Revenue), and Capital Consumption Rate (Capex ÷ EBITDA). Scores range 0–100, closer to 100 means a more asset-heavy, AI-resistant business model; closer to 0 means a more asset-light, AI-exposed model.
Pressure Model
A SIGMA-internal regime-detection layer. The pressure model converts price action, order-book microstructure, and external signal feeds into a single per-asset pressure metric that flags directional regime shifts before they show up in price. Used inside SIGMA for action sizing.
Ontology Runtime
The architectural approach behind MITHRIL. Rather than letting an AI model reason over scraped documents or general knowledge, the operator's world, assets, processes, regulations, relationships, is declared once as a unified ontology. Frontier AI models then reason over the ontology, never the open web. Every answer carries the source-node citation and the prompt-and-model fingerprint that produced it.
Decision Engineering
Lualdi Advisors' descriptor for its discipline. Decision engineering is the practice of converting complex, high-dimensional data into structured operational decisions that an operator can sign, execute, and audit. Distinct from forecasting, which produces estimates; from analytics, which produces summaries; and from AI assistants, which produce text. A decision-engineered output is a single named action with confidence bounds, a paper trail, and an approval gate.
Operational Intelligence
The output category Lualdi runtimes produce. Distinct from market intelligence (information about external markets), business intelligence (descriptive summaries of past activity), and artificial intelligence (text or media outputs). Operational intelligence is decision-grade signal, a named action, a sized confidence, an approval queue, an audit trail, produced inside the operator's live data flow and consumable directly into a system of record.